Guides
Tax guides for expats and freelancers
Short, practical guides on the questions local calculators ignore: healthcare for freelancers, dividend withholding, residency and double taxation.
PFA vs SRL in Romania (2026): which actually pays less tax?
A practical 2026 comparison of a Romanian PFA and an SRL micro-company — income tax, CAS, CASS and dividend tax, with worked examples.
How much tax do freelancers pay in Europe? (2026 comparison)
A country-by-country look at what freelancers and sole traders actually keep across 11 European countries in 2026, from Bulgaria to Denmark.
The 183-day rule and tax residency in Europe
How the 183-day rule works, when it is not the only test, and what determines where you are tax resident in Europe.
Dividend tax in Romania (2026): the 10% withholding and CASS on dividends
How dividends are taxed in Romania in 2026 — the 10% dividend tax, the health contribution (CASS) on dividends and how the cap works.
Romania vs UK take-home pay (2026): where do you keep more?
Comparing net pay for the same salary in Romania and the UK in 2026 — income tax, social contributions and what actually lands in your account.
How CASS works in Romania (2026): thresholds and caps for freelancers
A clear explanation of Romania's CASS health contribution in 2026 — the thresholds, the 24 minimum-wage cap and how it affects PFA and dividend income.
Spain's Beckham Law in 2026: the 24% flat tax explained
Who qualifies for Spain's special expat tax regime in 2026, the 24% flat rate, its limits, and when it stops being worth it.
Portugal's NHR/IFICI regime in 2026: the 20% flat tax for newcomers
How Portugal's tax regime for new residents (the successor to NHR) works in 2026 — eligibility, the 20% flat rate and who it suits.
The Netherlands' 30% ruling in 2026: who qualifies and what it's worth
How the Dutch 30% ruling works in 2026 — the salary threshold, the cap on the tax-free allowance and how it changes your net pay.
VAT registration thresholds in Europe (2026): when must you register?
A country-by-country look at 2026 VAT registration thresholds across 11 European countries, plus the OSS scheme for cross-border sellers.
The 13th and 14th month in Europe (2026): what they pay after tax
Which European countries pay a 13th or 14th month, how the extra payment is taxed, and why its net is usually lower than a normal salary.
US take-home pay in 2026: federal tax, FICA and state tax explained
How a US salary becomes net pay in 2026 — the federal brackets, the FICA wage base, and how state tax changes what you keep.
Italy's 13th month (tredicesima) in 2026: what you actually get
How Italy's tredicesima and quattordicesima work in 2026 — who receives them, when they are paid, and how they are taxed.
Spain's two extra payments (pagas extraordinarias) in 2026
Spanish employees receive two extra payments a year. How the pagas extraordinarias work in 2026 — timing, and how they are taxed.
Portugal's 13th and 14th months in 2026 (subsídios)
Portugal's subsídio de Natal and subsídio de férias are both mandatory. How the 13th and 14th months work and are taxed in 2026.
Greece's 13th and 14th months in 2026 (bonuses and leave pay)
Greek private-sector employees receive a Christmas bonus, an Easter bonus and a leave allowance. How they work and are taxed in 2026.
The Netherlands' holiday allowance (vakantiegeld) in 2026
Dutch employers must pay a holiday allowance of at least 8% of gross salary. How the vakantiegeld works and is taxed in 2026.
Net to gross salary in Europe (2026): the gross you need for a target take-home
How to work backwards from a net salary to the gross an employer must pay in 2026, with worked examples for the UK, Germany, the Netherlands and Romania.
Salary after tax in Europe (2026): what average earners really take home
A 2026 look at average gross salaries and the net that remains after tax and social contributions in eleven European countries, and why effective rates differ so much.
Freelancer vs employee in Europe (2026): who keeps more?
A practical 2026 comparison of freelancers and employees across Europe — contribution floors and caps, entity types and when self-employment actually pays off.
The real cost of employing someone in Europe (2026)
Why an employee costs far more than their gross salary, how employer social contributions vary across Europe, and what that means for hiring and offers.
Average net salary in Europe (2026): gross vs take-home by country
Indicative 2026 average gross salaries and the net that remains after tax in eleven European countries, including minimum-wage take-home where a statutory minimum exists.
Healthcare contributions for freelancers in Romania
How CASS works for PFA and SRL income, and how the contribution is capped.
US–UK double taxation and foreign tax credits
How the US–UK treaty prevents double taxation for cross-border earners.